Types of Cancer

There are more than 200 types of cancer, far too many to discuss in this blog. However, most of these cancers fit into the following major categories.

Carcinoma: These cancers originate in tissues which either cover surfaces or line internal organs. Carcinomas account for 80 to 90 percent of all cancer cases. Carcinomas are divided into two major subtypes: adenocarcinoma, which develops in an organ or gland, and squamous cell carcinoma, which originates in the epithelium (surface layer of cells), often the skin.

Examples of carcinomas include cancers of the breast, prostate, lung, intestine, skin, pancreas, liver, kidneys, colon, pancreas, and bladder; ovarian cancers, epithelial, squamous and basal cell carcinomas, melanomas, papillomas, and adenomas.

Sarcoma: These cancers originate in connective tissue, appearing in bones, muscles, fat, cartilage, nerves, tendons, and joints, mostly of the arms or legs. These are considered to be the rarest and most deadly forms of cancer. There are more than 50 types of sarcomas, belonging to two main classes – bone sarcoma and soft tissue sarcoma. 

Sarcoma includes cancer that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue -- "bone, soft tissue cancers," osteosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, liposarcoma, angiosarcoma, rhabdosarcoma, and fibrosarcoma.

Leukemias:  These are cancers of the blood.  They manifest as overproduction of white blood cells and not as solid tumors.  Leukemias originate in the tissues of the bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes.

There are four main types of leukemia, grouped by how fast the disease gets worse and what kind of white blood cell it affects.  While acute leukemia progresses very quickly, chronic leukemia gets worse slowly and may not cause symptoms for years. Leukemias are further classified as lymphocytic or myelogenous. Lymphocytic leukemia affects white blood cells called lymphocytes. Myelogenous leukemia affects other types of cells like red blood cells or platelets.

This cancer starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood -- "leukemia," lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL and CLL), myelogenous leukemias (AML and CML), T-cell leukemia, and hairy-cell leukemia.

Lymphoma and Myeloma: Cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system -- "lymphoma," T-cell lymphomas, B-cell lymphomas, Hodgkin lymphomas, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and lymphoproliferative lymphomas.

Myelomas are produced in the plasma cells of bone marrow, the soft tissue inside bones. Plasma cells are white blood cells that produce disease-fighting and infection-fighting antibodies. Myeloma cells prevent the normal production of antibodies, leaving the immune system weakened. The multiplication of myeloma cells also interferes with normal production and function of red and white blood cells and can cause bone destruction, leading to bone pain and/or fractures. Because myeloma frequently occurs at many sites in the bone marrow, it is often referred to as multiple myeloma.

Lymphomas are cancers of the white blood cells of the lymphatic system.  The two most prevalent types are Hodgkin disease and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.  The latter group includes common B-cell lymphoma (originating in the B-cells) and the rarer T-cell lymphoma (originating in the T-cells).  Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are also classed as indolent or aggressive, depending on how rapidly they are growing.

Central Nervous System Cancers: Cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord -- "brain and spinal cord tumors," gliomas, meningiomas, pituitary adenomas, vestibular schwannomas, primary CNS lymphomas, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors.

Not included in the above types listed are metastatic cancers; this is because metastatic cancer cells usually arise from a cell type listed above and the major difference from the above types is that these cells are now present in a tissue from which the cancer cells did not originally develop.

Consequently, if the terms "metastatic cancer" is used, for accuracy, the tissue from which the cancer cells arose should be included. For example, a patient may say they have or are diagnosed with "metastatic cancer" but the more accurate statement is "metastatic (breast, lung, colon, or other type) cancer which spread to the organ in which it has been found."

Another example is the following: A doctor describing a man whose prostate cancer has spread to his bones should say the man has metastatic prostate cancer to bone. This is not "bone cancer," which would be cancer that started in the bone cells. Metastatic prostate cancer to bone is treated differently than lung cancer to bone.

Summary
From the point of view of conventional oncology, it is very important to confirm the exact diagnosis and identify the specific cell type and cancer stage in order to determine the appropriate treatment protocol. However, often much precious time is spent sending specimens to laboratories, receiving conflicting or confusing diagnostic results, and getting several treatment opinions from specialists in one type of cancer or another.

If you are diagnosed with cancer, but your doctors are spending a lot of time trying to figure out what to do, you can be proactive by beginning to do your own research and begin changing your diet.

Website References

List of Cancer Types
http://www.cancer.org/cancer/showallcancertypes/index
http://www.webmd.com/cancer/understanding-cancer-basics

Types of Cancer
http://www.cancer.net/cancer-types
Note: Cancer.Net offers individualized guides for more than 120 types of cancer and related hereditary syndromes. Each guide provides comprehensive, oncologist-approved information on: Overview, Medical Illustrations, Risk Factors, Prevention, Symptoms & Signs, Diagnosis, Stages, Treatment Options, About Clinical Trials, Coping with Side Effects, After Treatment, Latest Research, Questions to Ask the Doctor, and Additional Resources

The 10 Most Common Cancers in the U.S.

http://www.sheknows.com/health-and-wellness/articles/823419/10-most-common-cancers-in-the-us

Cancer Etiology

Cancer is a complex group of diseases with many possible causes and contributing risk factors. These causes and risk factors are associated with your physiology, diet, lifestyle, stress level, environment, genetics, and many other factors.

Here is a list of  some of the causes and contributing co-factors that can trigger the development of cancer in your body. Use this information to help determine how to reduce your risk of developing cancer.

Recreational Drugs
Smoking (Tobacco)
Drinking excess alcohol

Environment
Environmental toxins, e.g. radon gas, RF radiation, (e.g. microwaves)
Work environments, e.g. asbestos , benzene
Agricultural practices, e.g. pesticides
Household products, e.g. detergents, cleaning products, sprays
Cosmetics, e.g. facial/body creams, soaps, antiperspirants, hair color
Pollution, e.g. air, water
Other carcinogens, infectious agents


Biological/Physiological
Weak immune system
High blood glucose
High insulin levels
Insulin resistance
Cellular inflammation
Oxidative stress
Hormonal imbalance
Being overweight or obese
Narrowing of the arteries (large blood vessels) supplying the kidneys
High blood viscosity
Enzyme deficiencies
Impaired digestion
Toxicity

Diseases
Diabetes
Obesity
HIV/AIDS
Hepatitis B and C (causes of liver cancer)
Epstein-Barr virus (a cause of some childhood cancers)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Hormonal conditions 
Conditions that affect the body’s tissue, such as lupus
Obstructive sleep apnea
Adrenal gland tumors
Thyroid problems
Note: Additional risk factors include anything that suppresses or weakens the immune system and inhibits the body's ability to fight infections and other health problems. 

Nutritional/Dietary
Refined sugar, flour
Lack of raw foods
Processed foods, e.g. canned, pasteurized, soy
Bad fats, e.g. fried meats, excess animal meat, trans fats, canola oil, vegetable oil
Food chemicals, e.g. GMOs, HFCS, artificial sweeteners, food dyes
Beverages, e.g. diet soda, tap water, cow's milk
Macronutrient imbalance
Vitamin deficiency (A, B, C, D, E, K2)
Mineral deficiency (selenium, zinc)
Other nutrient deficiency (pancreatic enzymes, Omega-3 EFAs, probiotics)

Nutritional Supplements
Synthetic vitamins
Herbal supplements

Lifestyle
High stress environment
Lack of exercise
Overexposure to sunlight (UV rays), tanning beds

Medical Practices
X-rays, Mammograms
Chemotherapy
Radiation
Dental practices, e.g. mercury fillings, root canals
Vaccines, e.g. Gardasil (human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine)

Other Drugs/Medications
Steroids
Painkillers known as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen  
Recreational drugs, such as cocaine, amphetamines and crystal methamphetamine
Other  medications, such as birth control pills, cold remedies, decongestants, over-the-counter pain relievers and some prescription drugs

Mental
Emotional stability
Stressful work environment
Negative emotions/thinking, e.g. anger, jealousy, regret
Financial problems
Lack of knowledge/awareness

Family
Race (being of African or Caribbean origin)
Genetics (gene mutation)
Congenital (certain defects you're born with)
Family cooking habits

Societal
Racism, sexism, etc.
Other isms

In most cases, people will have multiple causes and co-factors that contribute to developing cancer. Usually, there is no one single factor that triggers the development of cancer in someone's body.

Note: For more information about cancer, refer to the Death to Diabetes book, Death to Cancer ebook, training program, online training course; and, the Death to Diabetes website, blog and Facebook Page.

Website References:
http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cancer/basics/causes/con-20032378 
http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention 
http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25554788
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=cancer+causes
http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/othercarcinogens/generalinformationaboutcarcinogens/known-and-probable-human-carcinogens
 

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancers kill thousands of people worldwide. In the United States, for example, cancers form 25% of all deaths. It is also a major health problem in many parts of the world. In the developed world, one in three people will develop cancer during their lifetimes.

Cancer can also occur in young children and adolescents, but it is rare (about 150 cases per million in the U.S.). Among children, leukemia is the commonest cancer and the next common cancer in children is brain cancers (notably neuroblastoma).

Furthermore around one third of cancers worldwide are due to potentially modifiable risk factors, which are headed by tobacco smoking, alcohol use, and diets low in fruit and vegetables. In addition, being obese and having a sexually transmitted infection are also risk factors for cancers.

Cancer Statistics in the USA
Common cancers among men include prostate cancers (144.8 per 100,000 people) and lung cancer (79.5 per 100,000 people). Lung cancer is the second most common cancer among white, black, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Asian/Pacific Islander men and third among Hispanic men.

The third most common cancer among men is Colorectal cancer (51.6 per 100,000 people) that is second among Hispanic men, third among white, black, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Asian/Pacific Islander men. The leading causes of cancer death among men are lung cancer (64.0 per 100,000 people), Prostate cancer (22.8 per 100,000 people), Liver cancer and colorectal cancer (19.7 per 100,000 people).

Among women the three common cancers are breast cancer (121.9 per 100,000 people), lung cancer (54.5 per 100,000 people) and colorectal cancer (38.7 per 100,000 people). Breast cancer is the first common cancer among women of all races and Hispanic origin populations. Lung cancer is second among white, black, and American Indian/Alaska Native women, and third among Asian/Pacific Islander and Hispanic women and colorectal cancer is second among Asian/Pacific Islander and Hispanic women and third among white, black, and American Indian/Alaska Native women.

Among women the leading cause of cancer deaths is lung cancer (39.0 per 100,000 people), breast cancer (22.5 per 100,000 people) and colorectal cancer (13.8 per 100,000 people). Survival rate for many common cancers has increased in the past two decades.

Cancer Statistics in United Kingdom
Overall there are more than 200 types of cancer and in 2009, 320,500 new cases of cancer were detected in UK. Around 800 people were diagnosed every day. More than 1 in 3 people in the UK will develop some form of cancer during their lifetime. Over half of these new cancers are either breast, lung, bowel or prostate cancers.

More than three out of five cancers are diagnosed in people aged 65 and over. Around 1% of all cancers affect children, teenagers and young adults.

Cancer causes more than one in four of all deaths in the UK and more than three-quarters of cancer deaths occur in people aged 65 and over. More than one in five of all cancer deaths are from lung cancer. Survival rate for many common cancers has increased in the past two decades.

Cancer Statistics in Australia
In Australia, an estimated 121,500 new cases are diagnosed in 2012. The number is estimated to rise to 150,000 by 2020. This means that 1 in 2 Australian men and 1 in 3 Australian women will be diagnosed with cancer by the age of 85. In addition, cancer is a leading cause of death in Australia and in 2012 more than 43,000 people died of cancer.

Survival rate for many common cancers has increased by 30 per cent in the past two decades.
The most common cancers in Australia excluding non-melanoma skin cancer are prostate, colorectal, breast, melanoma and lung cancer.

Percent of New Cancers by Age Group: All Cancer Sites

2007-2011, All Races, Both Sexes

Cancer Statistics

The CDC just reported that only ½ to 1% of metastatic cancer patients live longer than 5 years. Another published article in Current Cancer Research stated that chemotherapy is now credited with remissions in only 7% of cancer cases.

A macronutrient-dense plant-based diet in combination with an alternative treatment protocol can help to change the underlying causes of cancer, and thus help the patient's "host defense mechanisms" better fight off the cancer cells. Comprehensive cancer treatment should always include an aggressive nutritional component as part of the overall therapy.

The Truth About Cancer
Cancer - You have read about it - You hear about it -You see it on TV - But there is one thing you are never told - the truth.

You were probably not told the truth about the incidence of cancer. It is growing by leaps and bounds. In 1960 1 out of 4 people had cancer. Today it is 1 out of 3. Soon it will be 1 out of 2. In just the last 30 years the incidence of cancer has gone up a shocking 40%. This year, well over 1,250,000 Americans will get cancer. And all of this while Americans are spending mega billions of dollars on cancer treatment and research.

You were probably not told the truth about cancer death. Death from cancer is on a rapid rise. It will overtake heart disease as America's # 1 killer in the next 2-3 years. This year, over 650,000 Americans will die with cancer in spite of the best therapy that conventional medicine has to offer.

You were probably not told the truth about what causes cancer. Usually it is caused by toxic chemicals, not only by tobacco, but primarily industrial chemicals, pollutants, & radioactive substances in our food, water, air, homes, & workplace. Recently, the FDA found significant traces of 60-80 pesticides in the average American food shopping basket. Incredibly, the government did nothing.

You were probably not told the truth about cancer prevention. We can lower our risk of cancer by eliminating carcinogens from our food, water, air, homes, and workplace. There is valid scientific evidence that we can now significantly lower the risk of cancer by purging the body of all toxins then go on a healthy diet and exercise regularly.

You were probably not told the truth about conventional cancer therapy. For decades, the cancer establishment has foolishly relied on the crude and primitive treatments of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy as their only weapons. These therapies are generally very dangerous, toxic, and inefficient, but highly profitable for the conventional medical field. Many knowledgeable doctors say that radiation & chemotherapy is murder.

They never tell you that Europe, China, and other countries are far ahead of the U.S. in the prevention and cure of cancer. Those therapies that are successful in other countries are not allowed in the U.S. So much for physicians trying to heal you and the FDA protecting you.

You were probably not told that radiation & chemotherapy is a brew of deadly poisons. Like surgery & radiation, the goal of chemotherapy is to purge the body of cancer by destroying cancer cells. Because the cancer cells divide more rapidly than normal cells, chemotherapeutic agents target rapidly dividing cells.

You may not have been told other cells, such as those in the hair follicles, intestinal lining, & bone marrow, are also seriously affected. It destroys the hair follicles and fast-growing epithelial cells lining the digestive tract. This is why chemotherapy usually results in hair loss & gastrointestinal illness. The truth is, we are not winning the war against cancer.

Over the last 38 years chemotherapy has been unsuccessful in most cases to treat Cancer. Chemo is still not approved by the FDA and continues to be in field trials. There is only one way to successfully treat Cancer and degenerative diseases and that is through the use of a whole body approach. You cannot drug a body into health. 

You must nourish the body, mind and soul. Cancer is a systemic disorder, which means it is in the whole body. It simply manifests itself in a particular organ or site. This is typically one's genetically weak link. This is why you cannot cut an organ out. 96% of all cancer survivors of chemotherapy have a relapse after 5 years. Cancer is an anaerobic organism (without oxygen), which thrives in acidic, low oxygen, dark, moist environment. Cancer feeds on glucose and secretes lactic acid as a by-product. The liver then converts this lactic acid back into glucose, so you end up with a viscous cycle of the cancer feeding itself and wasting away your body.  

In order to stop Cancer growth you must change the body to an alkaline state, provide high levels of oxygen to the tissues and cut off the supply of glucose to the tumor -- these are just a few of many techniques.

If you doubt what you're reading or hearing about cancer and the medical industry, then, here are some of the statistics about cancer -- and, numbers never lie.

U.S. Statistics

Here is a summary of the key statistics concerning cancer in the United States. Below this section are the global statistics.

• In 2015, an estimated 1,658,370 new cases of cancer will be diagnosed in the United States and 589,430 people will die from the disease.
• The most common cancers in 2015 are projected to be breast cancer, lung and bronchus cancer, prostate cancer, colon and rectum cancer, bladder cancer, melanoma of the skin, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, thyroid cancer, kidney and renal pelvis cancer, endometrial cancer, leukemia, and pancreatic cancer.
• The number of new cases of cancer (cancer incidence) is 454.8 per 100,000 men and women per year (based on 2008-2012 cases).
• The number of cancer deaths (cancer mortality) is 171.2 per 100,000 men and women per year (based on 2008-2012 deaths).
• Cancer mortality is higher among men than women (207.9 per 100,000 men and 145.4 per 100,000 women). It is highest in African American men (261.5 per 100,000) and lowest in Asian/Pacific Islander women (91.2 per 100,000). (Based on 2008-2012 deaths.)
• The number of people living beyond a cancer diagnosis reached nearly 14.5 million in 2014 and is expected to rise to almost 19 million by 2024.
• Approximately 39.6 percent of men and women will be diagnosed with cancer at some point during their lifetimes (based on 2010-2012 data).
• In 2014, an estimated 15,780 children and adolescents ages 0 to 19 were diagnosed with cancer and 1,960 died of the disease.
• National expenditures for cancer care in the United States totaled nearly $125 billion in 2010 and could reach $156 billion in 2020.

The 10 Most Common Cancers in the U.S.
Here is a list of the 10 most common cancers in the United States, based on the American Cancer Society Facts & Figures annual report for 2012.

1. Skin cancer
Skin cancer is divided into the non-melanoma and melanoma categories. Non-melanoma (basal cell and squamous cell skin cancer) is the more common form with over 2,000,000 cases expected to be diagnosed in the country in 2012. Most of these forms of cancer are curable. Melanoma, on the other hand, is the more serious type of skin cancer. It affects approximately five percent of people diagnosed with skin cancer, but is attributed to over 75 percent of all skin cancer deaths. In 2012, 76,250 new cases of melanoma were expected to be diagnosed.

2. Lung cancer
During 2012, 226,160 new cases of lung cancer were expected to be diagnosed in the U.S. Lung cancer accounts for about 28 percent of all cancer deaths. An estimated 160,340 deaths were expected to occur from lung cancer in 2012. The 5-year survival rate for all stages of lung cancer combined is just 16 percent. However, for cases detected when the disease is still localized, that number is 53 percent. Cigarette smoking is the most important risk factor for lung cancer.

3. Prostate cancer
It's estimated that 1 in 6 men in the U.S. will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in their lifetime. It's the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men (excluding skin cancer) and the second most common cause of death. Approximately 241,740 new cases were diagnosed in 2012 with an estimated 28,170 men expected to die from the disease in the year. PSA screenings and digital rectal exams (DRE) can help for early detection.

4. Breast cancer
According to the American Cancer Society, 226,870 new cases of invasive breast cancer were expected to occur during 2012 in the U.S. Excluding skin cancer, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women. Breast cancer ranks second as a cause of cancer death in women (after lung cancer).

5. Colorectal cancer
An estimated 103,170 new cases of colon and 40,290 cases of rectal cancer were expected to occur in 2012. Colorectal cancer doesn't discriminate -- it's the third most common cancer in both men and women. Colorectal cancer was expected to account for nine percent of all cancer deaths in 2012.

6. Kidney (renal) cancer
The American Cancer Society estimated 64,770 new cases of kidney (renal) cancer in 2012 with 13,570 deaths from this disease. Tobacco is a strong risk factor for kidney cancer, as well as obesity and hypertension.

7. Bladder cancer
Blood in the urine is a common symptom of urinary bladder cancer. An estimated 73,510 new cases of this cancer were expect in 2012. With all stages of bladder cancer combined, the five-year relative survival rate is 80 percent. Surgery (alone or in conjunction with other treatments) is used in 90 percent of cases.

8. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
As you may know, one of the common symptoms of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is swollen lymph nodes. About 30 different kinds of NHL exist. It was estimated that 70,130 new cases of this type of cancer would be diagnosed in 2012.

9. Thyroid cancer
Three out of four cases of thyroid cancer occur in women. Perhaps surprisingly, it is the fastest-increasing cancer in both men and women. A lump in the neck is the most common symptom of thyroid cancer. An estimated 56,460 new cases of thyroid cancer were expected in 2012 in the U.S., as well as 1,780 deaths from the disease.

10. Endometrial cancer
Cancer of the uterine corpus usually occurs in the endometrium (uterus lining). Abnormal bleeding is often an early sign of this type of cancer. In 2012, the American Cancer Society estimated 47,130 new cases of uterine corpus cancer. Treatment can include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and/or hormonal methods, depending on the stage of the cancer.
Other common cancers

Also called exocrine cancer, pancreatic cancer often develops without early symptoms. The survival rates for all stages combined are 25 percent for one year and 6 percent for five years. Approximately 43,920 new cases were expected in 2012 along with an estimated 37,390 deaths. Leukemia is also a fairly common cancer in the U.S. with an estimated 47,150 new cases in 2012.

To learn more about the various types of cancer, causes, symptoms and treatment options, visit cancer.org, cancer.gov and other online cancer websites.

CDC - Statistics for Different Kinds of Cancer

http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/dcpc/data/types.htm
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Global Statistics

Number of Cases, Deaths, and Survivors

Statistics at a Glance: The Burden of Cancer Worldwide

• Cancer is among the leading causes of death worldwide. In 2012, there were 14 million new cases and 8.2 million cancer-related deaths worldwide.
• The number of new cancer cases will rise to 22 million within the next two decades.
• More than 60 percent of the world’s new cancer cases occur in Africa, Asia, and Central and South America; 70 percent of the world’s cancer deaths also occur in these regions.
• 32.6 million people were five-year cancer survivors (people who are alive five years after being diagnosed with cancer).

By 2025, 19.3 million new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed each year.
In less developed regions in 2012—

• 8 million new cancer cases were diagnosed (57% of the global total).
• 5.3 million people died from cancer (65% of the global total).
• 15.6 million people were five-year cancer survivors (48% of the global total).

Cancer Cases

In 2012, the most common cancers worldwide (for both sexes) were*—

1. Lung cancer (13% of all cancers diagnosed; 1.8 million people).
2. Breast cancer (12% of all cancers diagnosed; 1.7 million people).
3. Colorectal cancer (10% of all cancers diagnosed; 1.4 million people).
4. Prostate cancer (8% of all cancers diagnosed; 1.1 million people).
5. Stomach cancer (7% of all cancers diagnosed; 952,000 people).
6. Liver cancer (6% of all cancers diagnosed; 782,000 people).
7. Cervical cancer (4% of all cancers diagnosed; 528,000 people).

In 2012, the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide (for males and females) were—

• Among males: Lung, prostate, colorectal, stomach, and liver.
• Among females: Breast, colorectal, lung, cervical, and stomach.

Cancer Deaths

An estimated 168.1 million years of healthy life are lost due to cancer every year.
In 2012, the most common causes of cancer death worldwide (for both sexes) were*—

1. Lung cancer (19% of all cancer deaths; 1.6 million people).
2. Liver cancer (9% of all cancer deaths; 745,000 people).
3. Stomach cancer (9% of all cancer deaths; 723,000 people).
4. Colorectal cancer (9% of all cancer deaths; 694,000 people).
5. Breast cancer (6% of all cancer deaths; 522,000 people).
6. Cancer of the esophagus (5% of all cancers diagnosed; 400,000 people).
7. Pancreas cancer (4% of all cancers diagnosed; 330,000 people).

In 2012, the most common causes of cancer death worldwide (for males and females) were—

• Among males: Lung, liver, stomach, colorectal, and prostate.
• Among females: Breast, lung, colorectal, cervical, and stomach.

*Note: Rankings are defined by the total number of cases and deaths and are not age-standardized.
 
Data source: GLOBOCAN 2012: Estimated Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence Worldwide in 2012

All Cancers (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer)
Estimated Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence Worldwide in 2012

Estimated numbers (thousands)	Men			Women			Both sexes
	Cases	Deaths	5-year prev.	Cases	Deaths	5-year prev.	Cases	Deaths	5-year prev.
World	7410	4653	15296	6658	3548	17159	14068	8202	32455
More developed regions	3227	1592	8550	2827	1287	8274	6054	2878	16823
Less developed regions	4184	3062	6747	3831	2261	8885	8014	5323	15632
WHO Africa region (AFRO)	265	205	468	381	250	895	645	456	1363
WHO Americas region (PAHO)	1454	677	3843	1429	618	4115	2882	1295	7958
WHO East Mediterranean region (EMRO)	263	191	461	293	176	733	555	367	1194
WHO Europe region (EURO)	1970	1081	4791	1744	852	4910	3715	1933	9701
WHO South-East Asia region (SEARO)	816	616	1237	908	555	2041	1724	1171	3278
WHO Western Pacific region (WPRO)	2642	1882	4493	1902	1096	4464	4543	2978	8956
IARC membership (24 countries)	3689	1900	9193	3349	1570	9402	7038	3470	18595
United States of America	825	324	2402	779	293	2373	1604	617	4775
China	1823	1429	2496	1243	776	2549	3065	2206	5045
India	477	357	665	537	326	1126	1015	683	1790
European Union (EU-28)	1430	716	3693	1206	561	3464	2635	1276	7157